Significant Differences in Electricity Prices Exist Among European Capitals

 

Significant differences in electricity prices exist among European capitals, with Brussels reaching 43 euro cents/kWh and Helsinki having the lowest.

 

According to the monthly HEPI index released by VaasaETT, a joint effort of the Austrian and Hungarian energy regulators, retail electricity prices in Greece rose by 6% in November 2025 compared to November 2024, while natural gas retail prices increased by 1%. The index covers 33 European capitals, with 11 cities experiencing price increases, 7 seeing decreases, and the remainder remaining stable.

 

Compared to October 2025, end-user electricity prices in Greece rose by 1%, continuing the monthly upward trend driven by increased demand since the beginning of winter. Athens saw a 3% month-on-month increase, Oslo recorded the largest increase at 15% due to soaring wholesale market prices, Ljubljana rose by 9%, Zagreb by 7%, and Brussels by 4%. Madrid was one of the few capitals to see a decrease in electricity prices, with a drop of 2%.

 

Electricity prices for European households vary significantly. Brussels has the highest price at €0.43/kWh, followed by Copenhagen at €0.37/kWh, Dublin at €0.36/kWh, London at €0.36/kWh, Vienna at €0.35/kWh, and Luxembourg at €0.35/kWh. Helsinki has the lowest price at only €0.17/kWh. These price differences reflect cost variations resulting from different market structures, tax burdens, and regulatory choices.