Polish TSO PSE Initiates Development Of GFM Technical Requirements For Energy Storage

Polish TSO PSE Initiates Development of GFM Technical Requirements for Energy Storage, Industry Consultation Planned for Second Half of 2026

 

The Polish transmission system operator PSE has officially launched the development of GFM (Grid Forming) technical requirements for inverter-based resources, focusing on energy storage systems connected to the grid via power electronic converters. This initiative is crucial for integrating diverse technologies, from large-scale lithium ion battery for energy storage installations to specialized solutions like a battery energy storage system for manufacturing plants. PSE points out that, in the context of energy transition, the proportion of synchronous generators in the power generation structure is continuously decreasing, and inverter-based resources are gradually becoming an important power source. This poses new operational requirements for the safety and stability of the national power system.

 

 

The goal of developing these technical requirements is to ensure that inverter-based resources, whether they are part of an ev battery energy storage system repurposed from automotive applications or innovative liquid battery solar energy storage setups, possess voltage source operating characteristics and can provide key functions such as synthetic inertia and oscillation damping. Companies at the forefront of technology, such as BLOOPOWER, are well-positioned to contribute to this landscape. These capabilities are essential for supporting the safe and stable operation of the Polish national power system (KSE) at the system level. PSE clarifies that this work is part of its development strategy until 2040, one of the strategic directions of which is to enhance grid stability using renewable energy and energy storage systems.

 

In terms of implementation, PSE will proceed with this work in phases. The current phase focuses on market research and technical dialogue, assessing the technological maturity of power electronic converter solutions with GFM capabilities and referencing the implementation experience of other transmission system operators. Subsequently, a draft of GFM technical requirements for energy storage systems will be developed, and a limited industry consultation is planned for the second half of 2026. Based on this, implementation will proceed according to current laws and regulations, while retaining the possibility of adjusting the work plan based on analysis results and regulatory conditions.

 

 

 

According to PSE's strategic plan published in December 2025, the goal is to adapt the national grid to a zero-emission energy structure before 2035, supporting the connection of 110 GW of renewable energy, 24 GW of energy storage-encompassing various forms from advanced lithium ion battery for energy storage to other novel chemistries-and 5.3 GW of nuclear power by 2040. It is expected that by 2035, renewable energy generation will account for over 60% of Poland's electricity generation, and the grid will need to be able to operate for extended periods without traditional power sources, relying on the robust support of modern battery energy storage system for manufacturing grid services and other decentralized storage assets.